买
to buy
HSK 1
Lesson 14 · 我买了一本书
What you'll learn
Use post-verb `了` for completed actions, use `都` for all, and recognize common separable words.
1
Listen and Read
First listen to how two classmates talk about things they have already done.
小林
小方，你昨天买书了吗？
Xiao Fang, did you buy a book yesterday?
小方
买了。我买了一本书。
Yes. I bought a book.
小林
你今天写字了吗？
Did you write characters today?
小方
写了，我写了五个字。
Yes. I wrote five characters.
小林
你们都写了吗？
Did all of you write?
小方
都写了。
Everyone wrote.
小林
你听见老师说话了吗？
Did you hear the teacher speaking?
小方
听见了，我们都听见了。
Yes, we heard it. We all heard it.
2
Core Words
These words help you talk about things already done.
书
book
写
to write
字
character; word
3
Pattern: `主语 + 动词 + 了 + 宾语`
Lesson 12 taught sentence-final `了`; this lesson looks at `了` after a verb.
主语 + 动词 + 了 + 宾语
`了` after a verb shows that the action happened or was completed. In the negative, use `没 + verb` and do not add `了`. So `我买了书` means the buying happened, and `我没买书` is the negative.
我写了五个字。
I wrote five characters.
我昨天买了一本书。
I bought a book yesterday.
我喝了一杯水。
I drank a cup of water.
我没买书。
I did not buy a book.
4
Quick Practice
Recognize the completed-action expression.
Which sentence means `I bought a book yesterday`?
Choose the option with `了` in the correct position after the verb.
5
Core Words
Use these words to talk about everyone or all items. `听` is the listening action; `听见` means the sound was heard.
都
all; both
听见
to hear
说话
to speak; to talk
听
to listen; to hear
6
Pattern: `主语范围 + 都 + 动词 / 形容词`
`都` means all and goes before a verb or adjective.
主语范围 + 都 + 动词 / 形容词
When you say `我们都...`, it means everyone in the group is the same in that action or state. `我们都很好` means everyone in our group is fine or good.
我们都写了。
We all wrote.
我们都听见了。
We all heard it.
他们都是学生。
They are all students.
我们都很好。
We are all fine.
7
Quick Practice
Choose the correct position of `都`.
Which sentence means `We all wrote`?
Choose the most natural option.
8
Learning Note
Some verb phrases can stay together or split apart.
Words like `上课` and `睡觉` sometimes split apart. In this lesson, just learn to hear and recognize them; you do not need to make complex sentences with them.
上课
to attend class
上了课
had class
睡觉
to sleep
睡了一觉
slept for a while
9
Learning Note
Use `了` and `都` to retell your own study progress.
Repeat first, then replace `买书` with `喝水`, and replace `写字` with `听老师说话`.
你昨天做了什么？我买了一本书。
What did you do yesterday? I bought a book.
你们都写了吗？我们都写了，都听见了。
Did all of you write? We all wrote and all heard it.